greendeal.  Green pact . 

The European Union is the most advanced and powerful global engine of sustainable development. It is advisable to study their experience, cooperate, and use existing programs of financial and other support for relevant projects.
The European Commission presented a plan for the environmental development of the EU for decades to come. It includes new taxes, subsidies and benchmarks. The main thing from the package of documents is in the RBC Trends reviewWhat happenedOn July 14, 2021, the European Commission published a package of proposals to reduce harmful emissions into the atmosphere. Called the European Green Deal, it provides, in particular, for the transition to cars free of CO2 emissions by 2035.The law also sets lower permissible limits for EU countries to combat CO2 emissions in order to exclude the possibility of such scenarios when emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere are formally reduced, but only through a large number of green spaces in the country – thus, the law de facto obliges EU member states to actively combat carbon dioxide emissions. Recall that in March 2020, the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia prepared a strategy for the long-term development of Russia with a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. In December 2020, the EU Summit approved a target to reduce carbon emissions by 55% by 2030Prior to this, in 2013, the European Commission proposed to the EU countries to reduce CO2 emissions by 40% by 2030. And in 2016, the EU and 195 countries concluded the Paris Climate Agreement, aimed at keeping the increase in global temperature within 2 ° C (preferably 1.5 ° C).Since the European Green Deal is a package of initiatives, we have selected several key provisions to tell what is included in it and what exactly it changes.Emissions from automobile, aviation and other industriesThe tax for airlines on non-environmentally friendly fuel (aviation kerosene) is expected to be introduced in 2023 and within ten years to increase it from zero to the maximum rate. However, the size of the marginal rate in the document is not indicated. So the European Commission hopes to encourage carriers to switch to more environmentally friendly fuel. The European Union proposed to accelerate the disposal of automobile internal combustion engines. Cars registered from 2035 will have to be environmentally friendly. Recall, the Ukrainian authorities proposed to ban the import of gasoline cars from 2030. And France by 2040 will abandon the sale of gasoline and diesel cars. Britain wants to ban the sale of diesel and petrol cars in the country from 2040.Development of electric vehicles. Within ten years, at the expense of public and private investments, it is planned to invest about € 50 billion in this industry, for example, refueling at regular intervals on major highways: every 60 km for electric charging and every 150 km for refueling with hydrogen. Recall, the program for the development of electric vehicles in Russia has risen in price to ₽ 800 billion Since 2016, chargers for electric vehicles have been included in the list of requirements for equipping Russian gas stations. It is planned to connect all sectors of the European economy to the co2 emission trading mechanism, including electricity production, the automotive and housing sectors, as well as shipping, aviation and agriculture. In 2023, taxes will be imposed on the supply of steel, cement, fertilizers and aluminum.Green Economy$ 50 billion on the "green" quota: HSE estimated the climate capital of RussiaRemoval of carbon from the atmosphereCombating deforestation. The EU is developing a plan to plant 3 billion trees across Europe by 2030.By 2035, the EU should aim to achieve carbon neutrality in the land use, forestry and agriculture sectors. Recall, Netflix announced a program of transition to carbon neutrality. Sberbank decided to "zero" the carbon footprint of its branches by 2030.By 2030, the Land Use, Forestry and Agriculture Ordinance sets a common EU target for the removal of carbon by natural sinks equivalent to 310 million tonnes of CO2 emissions. Ambitious measures to combat climate change in Europe will not lead to "carbon leakage". As the new carbon boundary regulatory framework will set the price of carbon emissions for imports of target products.Green EconomyEU Border Carbon Tax: How Much Will Russia PayDevelopment of renewable energy sourcesBy 2030, the Renewable Energy Directive sets a target to produce 40% of energy from renewable sources. It will be about a comprehensive solution to the problem: reducing total energy consumption, reducing emissions and solving the problem of energy poverty. Now the production and use of energy accounts for 75% of harmful emissions in the European Union. Member States will have to promote the use of renewable energy sources. For example, in transport, heating and cooling of residential and industrial buildings.The public sector will have to renovate 3% of its buildings each year to drive a wave of renovations, create jobs and reduce energy consumption and costs for taxpayers.Green EconomyGreen and smart: four breakthrough eco-quarters in European citiesEnergy TaxThe Energy Taxation Directive proposes to bring the taxation of energy products into line with EU energy and climate policies, promoting clean technologies and removing outdated exemptions and reduced rates that currently encourage the use of fossil fuels. When will the EC proposal package be implemented?From the beginning of 2023, the carbon footprint and tax base reporting scheme will work in test mode, while importers will be given a three-year transition period before the start of the fee, which will begin to be charged from 2026.By 2035, it is planned to switch to completely "clean" (free from carbon dioxide emissions) cars.Green EconomyHow the state can promote the environmental agendaOpinions about the package of documentsMeP from the Greens faction Michael Bloss wrote on his Twitter that the climate package is necessary and includes a number of important proposals, but some key points for environmental protection in it are either missed or smoothed out. 
The European Commission has unveiled a new Strategy that will help European industry lead the dual transition to climate neutrality and digital leadership. The strategy aims to increase Europe's competitiveness and strategic autonomy at a time of shifting geopolitical plates and intensifying global competition. The package of initiatives outlines a new approach to European industrial policy, firmly based on European values and traditions of the social market. It outlines a range of actions to support all actors in European industry, including companies large and small, innovative start-ups, research centres, service providers, suppliers and social partners. The Special Strategy for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) aims to reduce red tape and help numerous SMEs in Europe to do business in the single market and beyond, access finance and help move towards digital and environmental transitions. Today's initiatives also include concrete steps to remove obstacles to a well-functioning single market – Europe's strongest asset, enabling all of our businesses to grow and compete in Europe and beyond. European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen said: "European industry is the engine of growth and prosperity in Europe. And that's best when it relies on what makes it strong: people and their ideas, talents, diversity, and entrepreneurial spirit. This is more important than ever as Europe begins its ambitious transition to green and digital technologies in a more volatile and unpredictable world. European industry has what it takes to be a leader and we will do everything we can to support it." Commissioner for the Internal Market Thierry Breton, Commissioner, said: "Europe has the strongest industry in the world. Our companies – big and small – provide us with jobs, prosperity and strategic autonomy. Managing the transition to green and digital technologies and avoiding external dependencies in the new geopolitical context requires radical changes – and they need to start now." In addition to a comprehensive set of actions, both horizontal and technology-specific, the Commission will systematically analyse the risks and needs of different industrial ecosystems. In conducting this analysis, the Commission will work closely with an inclusive and open industry forum to be established by September 2020. It will consist of industry representatives, including SMEs, large companies, social partners, researchers, as well as member states. and EU institutions. If necessary, experts from specific sectors will be invited to share their knowledge. The Commission's annual industry days will continue to bring all participants together. New strategy for SMEs SMEs play a key role in Europe's manufacturing structure, providing two out of three jobs, and play a key role in the success of this new industrial approach. The strategy aims to help SMEs lead the double transition, which also means ensuring access to the right skills. To build the capacity of SMEs for these transitions, the Commission is modernising the European Network of Enterprises with the assistance of special advisers on sustainability. It will also expand digital innovation hubs across europe to enable SMEs to integrate digital innovation. This will open up opportunities for volunteering and digital learning. To make it easier for small and medium-sized enterprises to operate in the single market and beyond, the Commission proposes measures to remove regulatory and practical barriers to doing business or expanding. Among them, the Commission is intensifying its efforts to ensure timely payment, in particular through the new virtual observatory, as well as through alternative dispute resolution. To make it more accessible to SMEs in Europe, the Commission will also support the SME Initial Public Offering (IPO) Fund in the InvestEU window for SMEs. It will also empower women's entrepreneurship by encouraging investment in women-led companies and funds. In addition, the Commission invites Member States to provide comprehensive assistance to companies. Our goal is to make Europe a better place to start a business and grow. It will work with member states on the EU Standard for Startups to share and implement best practices to accelerate the growth of high-tech SMEs and start-ups. To ensure political commitment to these measures, the EU Envoy for SMEs at a high level will guarantee close partnership and coordination with EU Member States through national SME envoys, as well as with regional and local authorities. It will also strengthen the perspective of SMEs in EU legislation. 
 The history of the development of the green trend in Europe is quite long. And it began at the municipal level. It was the sustainable development of cities that was considered the basis for universal sustainable development. The Olburg Charter, in which this green theme was worked out very thoroughly, was also signed by the city of Pushkin (Tsarskoye Selo).  This is one of the first examples of the active participation of Russian structures in the development of the European green trend. In the future, this baton was picked up by the Council for Sustainable Prosperous Development of the Pushkin District of St. Petersburg, created and headed by Valery Vakulenko. Under the auspices of the Council, annual scientific and practical conferences on sustainable development are held, and the Green City festivals are held in Bona, Pushkin and Gatchina.